Tension headache: is the most common type of headache. It is bilateral and described as a dull ache with a pressing or tightening sensation across the forehead.
Migraine headache: is pulsating and throbbing. It can occur with or without an aura (visual disturbances, sensory, motor or language based). It is typically unilateral, meaning it affects one side of the head, however, it can also be bilateral. Migraine can be accompanied by any or all of nausea, vomiting, photophobia (sensitivity to light) or phonophobia (sensitivity to sound). Pre-disposing factors include: head or neck trauma, depression, anxiety or hormonal changes.
Causes of Migraine
- Bright lights or loud noises
- Foods (e.g. alcohol, cheese, citrus fruits, chocolate)
- Extreme weather (e.g. very hot or cold, strong winds)
- Travel
- Missing meals
- Strenuous exercise
- Altered sleep pattern
Red Flags
- Different or more severe than any previous headache
- ¡ associated with recent head trauma, neck stiffness, vomiting, altered level of consciousness, focal neurological symptoms, blackouts
- ¡ severe and associated with fever, or rash
Routine referral is required if the headache is: ¡ suffered by children under 12